Microbiology Notes- Bacteriology, Virology, Parasitology, Mycology and Laboratory Notes

Virology
Replication of Dengue Virus 4.36/5 (39)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on April 20, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Replication of Dengue Virus Dengue Virus enters host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, which involves binding through the interaction between the surface proteins of virion (E) and cellular receptors on the surface of target cell. Once the virus has entered a host cell, the virus penetrates deeper into the cell… Continue reading "Replication of Dengue Virus <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-398" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-half-o mr-star-half"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.36/5</span> <span class="count"> (39) </span> </span>"
Differences between, Virology
Differences between Dengue and Chikungunya 4.46/5 (26)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on March 31, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Differences between Dengue and Chikungunya Dengue and chikungunya are transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, a species that bites during daytime. Dengue is the fever caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti whereas Chikungunya is caused by the bite of both Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. Differences between Dengue and… Continue reading "Differences between Dengue and Chikungunya <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-390" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-half-o mr-star-half"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.46/5</span> <span class="count"> (26) </span> </span>"
Biology
Portal System of Frog 4.34/5 (94)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on March 15, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Portal System of Frog The portal system is defined as a system of blood vessels in which veins carrying blood from different parts of the body is first broken up into capillaries in another organ like kidney or liver then the blood is collected by another set of capillaries… Continue reading "Portal System of Frog <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-380" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-half-o mr-star-half"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.34/5</span> <span class="count"> (94) </span> </span>"
Biology
Venous System of Frog 3.94/5 (68)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on February 29, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Venous System of Frog It is the system of veins and venacava which is superficially situated and carry deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body to heart, except pulmonary veins. Venous system consists of following parts: Pulmonary venous system Systemic venous system Portal venous system Pulmonary venous system… Continue reading "Venous System of Frog <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-377" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-o mr-star-empty"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 3.94/5</span> <span class="count"> (68) </span> </span>"
Biology
Detailed Structure of Frog’s Heart 4.21/5 (347)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on February 10, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Detailed Structure of Frog’s Heart Heart of frog is three chambered. It is dark red colored conical muscular organ situated mid-ventrally in the anterior part of the body cavity in between two lungs. The heart is enclosed in two membranes- an inner epicardium and outer pericardium. The space between… Continue reading "Detailed Structure of Frog’s Heart <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-371" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-o mr-star-empty"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.21/5</span> <span class="count"> (347) </span> </span>"
Biology
Reproductive System of Earthworm 3.41/5 (345)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on January 20, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reproductive System of Earthworm Earthworms are hermaphrodites but they cannot fertilize their own eggs because of their relative position of male and female genital aperture and they are protrandous (i.e. male sex mature earlier than female gametes). So, cross-fertilization takes place. A] Male reproductive organs They consist of following… Continue reading "Reproductive System of Earthworm <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-364" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-half-o mr-star-half"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-o mr-star-empty"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 3.41/5</span> <span class="count"> (345) </span> </span>"
Bacteriology, Basic Microbiology, Differences between
Differences between Fimbriae and Pili 4.5/5 (337)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on January 2, 2016

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Differences between Fimbriae and Pili Fimbriae and Pili are filamentous structures composed of protein that extend from the surface of a cell and can have many functions. Fimbriae are found in gram negative as well as gram positive bacteria but are shorter in length as compared to pili. Pili… Continue reading "Differences between Fimbriae and Pili <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-357" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-half-o mr-star-half"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.5/5</span> <span class="count"> (337) </span> </span>"
Bacteriology, Biochemical Test, Laboratory
Hippurate Hydrolysis Test- Principle, Uses, Procedure, Result Interpretation with Limitations 4.79/5 (42)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on December 29, 2015

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Hydrolysis Test- Principle, Uses, Procedure, Result Interpretation with Limitations Hippurate Hydrolysis test Hippurate hydrolysis test is used in the presumptive identification of Gardnerella vaginalis, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes and group B streptococci, by detecting the ability of the organism to hydrolyze hippurate. Principle Hippurate hydrolysis positive organisms can hydrolyze 1% aqueous sodium hippurate… Continue reading "Hippurate Hydrolysis Test- Principle, Uses, Procedure, Result Interpretation with Limitations <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-349" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.79/5</span> <span class="count"> (42) </span> </span>"
Biology
General Characteristics of Phylum Mollusca 4.15/5 (318)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on December 10, 2015

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 General Characteristics of Phylum Mollusca Mollusca (Molluscus- soft bodies) Study of Mollusca is called Malacology. The term Mollusca was first applied by Aristotle to cuttle fish. Lamarck coined the term Molluscus. Study of molluscan shell is called conchology. The animals of this phylum are soft-bodied, non-metameric, triploblastic coelomates and… Continue reading "General Characteristics of Phylum Mollusca <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-344" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-o mr-star-empty"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.15/5</span> <span class="count"> (318) </span> </span>"
Biology
General Characteristics and Classification of Arthropoda 4.08/5 (718)

By Pratiksha Pokhrel on December 1, 2015

Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 General Characteristics and Classification of Arthropoda Arthropoda (Arthon- Jointed; podos- legs) Arthropoda, animals having jointed appendages or legs. It is a phylum of triploblastic, haemocoelomic, segmented invertebrates having head, thorax and abdomen, a chitinous exoskeleton and jointed legs and appendages. Most successful phylum on the Earth that has ever… Continue reading "General Characteristics and Classification of Arthropoda <span class="rating-result after_title mr-filter rating-result-332" > <span class="mr-star-rating"> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star mr-star-full"></i> <i class="fa fa-star-o mr-star-empty"></i> </span> <span class="star-result"> 4.08/5</span> <span class="count"> (718) </span> </span>"